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Immunization with liposome-encapsulated Bothrops jararaca venom.

V T Carvalho1, R T Gomes, A P Viotti

  • 1Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
|March 1, 2000
PubMed
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Liposomes effectively delivered Bothrops jararaca venom (BjV) without toxicity in mice. Immunization with venom-loaded liposomes offered partial protection against lethal BjV challenge and reduced venom’s hemorrhagic activity.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The venom of the Bothrops jararaca snake (BjV) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • Developing effective antivenoms and immunotherapies is crucial for managing BjV envenomation.
  • Liposomes offer a potential delivery system for antigens and therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the toxicity of BjV-encapsulated liposomes.
  • To assess the immunoprotective efficacy of BjV-loaded liposomes in a mouse model.
  • To investigate the impact of liposomal BjV immunization on venom-induced hemorrhage.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulation of Bothrops jararaca venom (BjV) into liposomes.
  • Subcutaneous injection of liposomal BjV and venom-emulsified Freund's adjuvant in mice.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of acute toxicity and survival rates post-BjV challenge.
  • Assessment of hemorrhagic activity reduction following immunization.

    • Main Results:

    • Subcutaneous injection of BjV-loaded liposomes showed no acute toxicity in mice.
    • Immunization with liposomes containing BjV and immunostimulants protected 50% of mice against a lethal BjV dose (4 x LD50).
    • Liposomal BjV immunization reduced venom-induced hemorrhagic activity, comparable to Freund's adjuvant, but Freund's adjuvant provided superior protection against lethal effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Liposomes are a safe and potentially effective delivery vehicle for BjV antigens.
    • Liposomal BjV immunization can elicit a protective immune response against venom toxicity and hemorrhage.
    • While liposomal delivery shows promise, conventional adjuvants like Freund's may offer enhanced protection against lethal venom effects.