Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
10:07

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact

Published on: February 10, 2015

Criterion validity of the cervical range of motion (CROM) goniometer for cervical flexion and extension

M Tousignant1, L de Bellefeuille, S O'Donoughue

  • 1University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Program, Ontario, Canada. mtousig@uottawa.ca

Spine
|March 7, 2000
PubMed

Insights

The Cervical Range of Motion goniometer is a valid tool for measuring cervical flexion and extension in healthy adults. This study confirms its accuracy against radiographic methods, supporting its clinical use.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Physical Therapy
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Lack of validated tools for cervical range of motion (CROM) measurement hinders objective clinical decision-making.
  • Need for reliable instruments to justify patient status, treatment, and interventions.
  • Budgetary constraints necessitate objective justification of therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the criterion validity of the Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) goniometer.
  • To compare CROM goniometer measurements with radiographic methods in a healthy population.

Main Methods:

  • A validity protocol was employed with 31 healthy participants (18-45 years old).
  • CROM measurements were taken using the goniometer and compared with radiographic imaging.
  • Data collection involved neutral, fully flexed, and fully extended cervical spine positions.

Main Results:

  • High correlation was found between the CROM goniometer and radiographic measurements for cervical flexion (r = 0.97, P < 0.001) and extension (r = 0.98, P < 0.001).
  • Pearson's r correlation test confirmed the criterion validity.

Conclusions:

  • The CROM goniometer demonstrates validity for measuring cervical flexion and extension in healthy individuals.
  • Further research is recommended to explore the instrument's validity for other cervical spine movements.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination08:43

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination

Published on: July 7, 2016

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm06:30

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, metacarpophalangeal,...
Angle of Twist - Elastic Range01:13

Angle of Twist - Elastic Range

Consider a cylindrical shaft with a length denoted by L and a consistent cross-sectional radius referred to as r. This shaft undergoes a torque at the free end. The highest shearing strain within the shaft is directly proportional to the twist angle and the radial distance from the shaft axis. When the shaft behaves elastically, this shearing strain can be articulated using variables such as the applied torque, radial distance, the polar moment of inertia, and the modulus of rigidity. By...