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Is lower leg proprioception essential for triggering human automatic postural responses?

B R Bloem1, J H Allum, M G Carpenter

  • 1Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands. bloem@mail.med.fac.leidenuniv.nl

Experimental Brain Research
|March 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Lower leg proprioception minimally impacts automatic postural responses. Diabetic polyneuropathy patients showed abnormal responses, suggesting other sensory inputs, like from the trunk, are crucial for balance control.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Proprioception in the lower legs is vital for maintaining balance.
  • The precise contribution of lower leg proprioception to automatic postural responses remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which lower leg proprioception triggers automatic postural responses.
  • To compare postural control mechanisms in individuals with diabetic polyneuropathy and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a movable force-plate to apply controlled rotational and translational perturbations to subjects.
  • Recorded surface electromyography (EMG) from leg and trunk muscles, ankle torque, and segment angular velocities.
  • Assessed responses under 'normal ankle input,' 'enhanced ankle input,' and 'nulled ankle input' conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Patients with diabetic polyneuropathy exhibited diminished and delayed stretch reflexes and balance-correcting responses.
  • Some automatic postural responses were modulated by ankle perturbations in controls, suggesting proprioceptive influence.
  • Other responses, particularly during 'nulled ankle input,' were present in both groups, indicating non-ankle proprioceptive triggers.
  • Early body segment movements (knees, hips, trunk) preceded automatic postural responses, suggesting proximal sensory input.

Conclusions:

  • Lower leg proprioception plays a limited role in triggering early automatic postural responses.
  • Proximal sensory systems (knee, hip, trunk) likely contribute significantly to postural control.
  • Diabetic polyneuropathy affects automatic postural responses, highlighting the complex interplay of sensory inputs for maintaining balance.