Analytical model of Doppler spectra of coherent light backscattered from rotating cones and cylinders

The interaction between a rotating object and laser beams has been studied in the field of laser Doppler velocimetry, where two incident laser beams are focused on one small spot of the rotating surface and interferometry is used. In the case of a single incident laser beam illuminating a relatively large area of the rotating surface, both the Doppler broadening and the reflected-power level are dictated by points distributed over a wide curved area at varying angles of incidence. An analytical model of spectra in backscatter from cones and cylinders rotating around their axes is presented. This analytical solution may contribute to laser Doppler velocimetry as well as ladar applications.