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Related Experiment Videos

Cryptococcus albidus-induced summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

T Miyagawa1, S Hamagami, N Tanigawa

  • 1Osaka Prefectural Habikino Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|March 11, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis may be caused by Cryptococcus albidus. This fungus was found in patient homes, and antibodies in their lungs suggest it is the likely cause.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an allergic lung reaction.
  • The role of environmental fungi in its etiology is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential role of Cryptococcus albidus in summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
  • To examine local antibody production in the lungs of affected patients.

Main Methods:

  • Collected sera and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from patients.
  • Isolated fungal strains from patient home environments.
  • Measured specific antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM) using ELISA.
  • Cultured BAL cells to assess local antibody production.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Cryptococcus albidus strains were isolated from 62.5% of patient homes.
  • Patients exhibited antibodies reactive to Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichosporon cutaneum.
  • Local production of IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against these fungi was confirmed in BAL fluid.
  • Antibody binding showed a significant correlation between Cryptococcus and Trichosporon antigens, with C. albidus absorbing most antibodies.

Conclusions:

  • Cryptococcus albidus is a likely etiological agent in most studied cases of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
  • IgA and IgM antibodies in BAL fluid are likely secreted by local plasma cells in the lung.