Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2026

Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
07:06

Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification

Published on: April 20, 2011

Distinct cellular receptor interactions in poliovirus and rhinoviruses

L Xing1, K Tjarnlund, B Lindqvist

  • 1Karolinska Institute, Department of Biosciences at NOVUM, Center for Biotechnology, S-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden.

The EMBO Journal
|March 16, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Poliovirus (PV1/M) has more accessible receptor binding sites than rhinoviruses (HRV), facilitating faster cell entry. This difference in receptor interaction impacts viral evolution and immune evasion strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Structural Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Picornaviruses, including poliovirus and rhinoviruses, utilize specific cell surface receptors for entry.
  • Understanding receptor recognition evolution is key to comprehending picornavirus diversity and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively analyze receptor binding kinetics and mechanisms between human poliovirus type 1 (PV1/M) and human rhinoviruses (HRV).
  • To elucidate the evolutionary implications of differing receptor recognition strategies in picornaviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to measure virus-receptor binding kinetics (association and dissociation rates).
  • Thermodynamic analysis of receptor-virus interactions.
  • Assays for receptor-mediated virus uncoating.
  • Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and image reconstruction to visualize receptor-PV1/M complexes.

Main Results:

  • PV1/M exhibited faster association and dissociation rates with its receptor compared to HRV3 and HRV16.
  • Receptor interaction with PV1/M was thermodynamically more disruptive than with HRV3 or HRV16.
  • Cryo-EM revealed PV1/M receptor binding at the 'wall' of surface protrusions, distinct from the HRV receptor binding 'canyon'.

Conclusions:

  • Poliovirus possesses more exposed receptor-binding sites than rhinoviruses.
  • These exposed sites in poliovirus are less protected from immune surveillance but enhance receptor-mediated uncoating and cell entry.
  • The findings provide insights into the distinct evolutionary paths of poliovirus and rhinovirus receptor engagement.

More Related Videos

A Liquid Phase Affinity Capture Assay Using Magnetic Beads to Study Protein-Protein Interaction: The Poliovirus-Nanobody Example08:10

A Liquid Phase Affinity Capture Assay Using Magnetic Beads to Study Protein-Protein Interaction: The Poliovirus-Nanobody Example

Published on: May 29, 2012

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting08:40

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting

Published on: March 1, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...