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Updated: Aug 10, 2026
Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
Published on: January 21, 2012
[DNA ploidy and cell cycle phase analysis with flow cytometry in bladder wash. Preliminary experience]
M Rivas del Fresno1, A Salas Bustamante, J A Suárez González
1Servicio de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, España.
Objective:
To analyze the prognostic significance in bladder carcinoma of DNA ploidy and cell phase fractions measured by bladder wash flow cytometry.
Methods:
Samples were obtained from 25 patients by bladder irrigation; 16 before surgery and 9 during follow-up cystoscopic examination. Cells were stained with propidium iodide and analyzed with the FacScan flow cytometer and Cellfit 2.01 (Becton-Dickinson).
Results:
The number of cells obtained was sufficient for flow cytometric analysis in all cases. In 13 tumor samples (8 superficial and 5 invasive tumors), aneuploidy cells were detected in 3 cases that had a worse outcome; the only superficial tumor in which aneuploidy was detected presented a recurrent bladder carcinoma 15 months later. Of the 5 patients with invasive tumors, two patients with aneuploidy died within 6 months from tumor metastases. Of the patients without macroscopic tumor, only one showed an increase in the percentage of the S phase fraction (19.5% of cells in S phase). A recurrent bladder carcinoma was detected in this patient 6 months after the analysis. In patients with macroscopic tumor, analysis of the S phase fraction was not relevant for prognosis.
Conclusions:
Analysis of DNA ploidy and cell phase fractions by flow cytometry of bladder washings can increase the prognostic information in bladder carcinoma. Aneuploidy was associated with a worse prognosis and an increase in the S phase fraction predicted a recurrent bladder carcinoma months before it manifested clinically.
