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[Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: current knowledge and treatment]
1Laboratoire de recherche sur la voix, les biomatériaux et la cancérologie ORL, CNRS-UPRESA 7018, Université Paris V, Hôpital Laennec, 42 rue de Sèvres, 75007 Paris, France.
Summary
Unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (URLNP) diagnosis and treatment are updated. Prognosis and glottic configuration depend on lesion type, guiding therapeutic choices for improved voice outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Laryngology
- Neuroscience
- Speech and Hearing Science
Context:
- Unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (URLNP) presents complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
- Understanding laryngeal anatomy, physiology, and phylogenesis is crucial for managing URLNP.
Purpose:
- To consolidate current knowledge on unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (URLNP).
- To review recent advancements in URLNP neurophysiology.
- To provide updated diagnostic and treatment principles for URLNP.
Summary:
- Glottic configuration and prognosis are determined by the type of neural lesion (neurapraxia, axonotmesis, or neurotmesis).
- Treatment indications are based on glottic configuration and prognosis.
- Therapeutic options include voice therapy, vocal fold augmentation, medialization thyroplasty, arytenoid adduction, and laryngeal reinnervation, with outcomes reviewed from literature.
Impact:
- This review offers a comprehensive guide for clinicians managing URLNP.
- Updated principles aim to optimize patient outcomes and vocal function.
- Highlights the importance of tailored treatment strategies based on individual patient factors.