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Whole small fish as a rich calcium source.

T Larsen1, S H Thilsted, K Kongsbak

  • 1Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Research Center Foulum, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tjele, Denmark.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|April 1, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Calcium from small fish, like mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), is available for rats and may be a good dietary source. Promoting small fish consumption could benefit human calcium intake, especially where milk is scarce.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calcium (Ca) is essential for bone health and overall physiological function.
  • Dietary Ca sources vary in bioavailability, impacting nutritional adequacy.
  • Indigenous small fish are a potential, often underutilized, nutrient source in many regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the Ca availability from indigenous small fish (mola) compared to skimmed milk in a rat model.
  • To assess the impact of dietary protein levels on Ca and Nitrogen (N) utilization.
  • To evaluate the overall nutritional value and bone health indicators associated with consuming small fish.

Main Methods:

  • Rat balance study over 28 days with diets containing mola or skimmed milk at two protein levels (100 and 160 g/kg).

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  • Collection and analysis of feces and urine for Ca and N content.
  • Measurement of Ca intake, fractional Ca absorption, Ca retention, N retention, diet digestibility, protein utilization, weight gain, femur bone parameters, and bone alkaline phosphatase activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium from small fish with bones was found to be available and a useful Ca source in rats.
    • Ca availability from small fish was comparable to, though slightly less than, that from skimmed milk.
    • Fish-based diets supported growth and bone health indicators, similar to milk-based diets.

    Conclusions:

    • Indigenous small fish, particularly with bones, represent a valuable and bioavailable source of calcium for rats.
    • Small fish consumption can be encouraged as a significant calcium source in human diets, especially for populations with limited milk intake.
    • Promoting the production and consumption of small fish is recommended to enhance dietary calcium intake and public health outcomes.