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Sickle cell disease: implications for perioperative care.

J Aker1

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City 52245, USA.

Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing : Official Journal of the American Society of Perianesthesia Nurses
|April 4, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Sickle cell disease, an inherited blood disorder, causes red blood cells to block blood flow. Proper perioperative care is crucial for patients undergoing surgery to prevent complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Genetics
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease is an inherited hemoglobinopathy caused by a genetic mutation.
  • Physiological stressors during surgery can trigger sickling, leading to vaso-occlusion and anemia.
  • Bone marrow transplantation is the only curative treatment currently available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease.
  • To outline essential preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management strategies for affected patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sickle cell disease pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of perioperative management guidelines.

Main Results:

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  • Perioperative complications in sickle cell disease patients stem from sickling induced by hypoxia, acidosis, hypotension, and hypothermia.
  • Meticulous attention to fluid balance, oxygenation, and temperature is vital.
  • Early recognition and management of vaso-occlusive events are critical.

    • Conclusions:

    • Comprehensive understanding of sickle cell pathophysiology is essential for optimizing surgical outcomes.
    • Multidisciplinary perioperative care can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.
    • Further research into improved management strategies is warranted.