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Related Experiment Videos

Testing memory for self-generated items in dementia: method makes a difference.

A M Barrett1, G P Crucian, R L Schwartz

  • 1Division of Neurology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA.

Neurology
|April 4, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease (pAD) and Parkinson's Plus syndrome (PD+) show distinct memory patterns for internally generated information. Memory for self-generated words is influenced by dementia type and memory testing conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Dementia, including probable Alzheimer's disease (pAD) and Parkinson's Plus syndrome (PD+), impairs memory.
  • Individuals with pAD may exhibit confabulation and intrusions, suggesting a bias towards remembering internally generated information.
  • Individuals with PD+ may have difficulty with generative memory tasks, indicating a potential bias towards external information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate memory differences in recalling internally generated material between subjects with pAD, PD+, and healthy controls.
  • To examine how memory recall and recognition of internally versus externally generated words are affected by explicit memory instructions.

Main Methods:

  • Ten pAD, 5 PD+, and 10 control subjects participated.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants completed a word generation task under incidental learning (no instruction to remember) and explicit learning conditions.
  • Memory for internally and externally generated words was assessed using recall and recognition tests.

    • Main Results:

    • All groups recalled more internally generated words than externally provided words without explicit memory instructions.
    • Memory recall and recognition for internally generated words varied significantly between groups (p = 0.015).
    • PD+ subjects showed the greatest improvement in recognition of internally generated words, while pAD subjects exhibited more intrusion errors and performed worse with explicit memory instructions.

    Conclusions:

    • Aged individuals generally retain internally generated material better than externally provided information.
    • Memory for internally generated words in dementia is modulated by testing methods.
    • PD+ subjects demonstrate poor internal recall but strong internal recognition, whereas pAD subjects' internal memory advantage is evident only without explicit memory instructions.