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Laryngeal tuberculosis.

M W Yencha¹, R Linfesty, A Blackmon

¹Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Medicine, US Naval Hospital, Pensacola, FL 32512, USA.

American Journal of Otolaryngology

|April 12, 2000

Summary

Laryngeal tuberculosis (TB) incidence is rising due to the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. Diagnosis requires histopathology, and treatment involves antituberculous medications, with surgery for airway issues.

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Area of Science:

Otorhinolaryngology
Infectious Diseases
Pathology

Background:

Laryngeal tuberculosis (TB) incidence has historically decreased with antituberculous medications.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic is linked to a potential resurgence of TB, including laryngeal involvement.

Observation:

Dysphonia is the primary symptom of laryngeal TB.
Histopathological examination of laryngeal tissue is crucial for diagnosis, identifying granulomatous inflammation, caseating granulomas, and acid-fast bacilli.
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia can complicate diagnosis by mimicking squamous cell carcinoma.

Findings:

Antituberculous medications are the mainstay of treatment.
Surgery is reserved for cases with significant airway compromise.
Laryngeal TB can lead to complications, necessitating long-term patient follow-up.

Implications:

Increased vigilance for laryngeal TB is warranted given the rising global TB incidence.
Accurate histopathological diagnosis is critical to differentiate TB from mimics like squamous cell carcinoma.
Adherence to long-term antituberculous therapy and monitoring for complications are essential for managing laryngeal TB.

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