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Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings

Published on: October 25, 2015

A new method for the extraction of fetal ECG from the composite abdominal signal.

A Khamene¹, S Negahdaripour

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA. ali@miami.edu

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering

|April 14, 2000

Summary

A novel wavelet transform method accurately extracts fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) from abdominal signals. This technique reliably separates maternal and fetal ECG, offering a robust alternative to traditional time-domain approaches.

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings

Published on: October 25, 2015

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

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Published on: May 5, 2018

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Signal Processing
Fetal Monitoring

Background:

Extracting fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) from abdominal signals is challenging due to maternal ECG interference.
Traditional time-domain methods often lack robustness against signal noise and perturbations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust wavelet transform-based method for isolating fetal ECG from composite abdominal signals.
To discriminate between maternal and fetal ECG signals using wavelet domain features.

Main Methods:

Utilized wavelet transform to detect singularities and modulus maxima in the abdominal signal.
Employed modulus maxima locations for classifying maternal versus fetal ECG components.
Investigated two approaches: one using a thoracic signal as prior, another without.

Main Results:

Successfully reconstructed fetal ECG signals from detected fetal modulus maxima.
Demonstrated the method's efficacy on both synthetic and real ECG data.
The wavelet-based approach showed enhanced robustness compared to classical time-domain methods.

Conclusions:

The proposed wavelet transform method provides an effective and robust technique for fetal ECG extraction.
This approach offers a significant improvement over conventional methods for non-invasive fetal monitoring.