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Catalase expression in delayed and premature aging mouse models.

H M Brown-Borg1, S G Rakoczy

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Therapeutics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203-2817, USA. brownbrg@medicine.nodak.edu

Experimental Gerontology
|April 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Aging involves oxidative damage, but hormones may influence antioxidant defenses. This study found catalase enzyme levels varied with hormone status in aging mice, impacting longevity. This suggests hormones modulate antioxidant capacity and aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Biogerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aging is associated with increased oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Hormonal status, particularly in genetically modified mice (Ames dwarf and growth hormone transgenic), may influence aging and antioxidant defenses.
  • Catalase (CAT) is a key enzyme in neutralizing ROS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of catalase (CAT) in mammalian aging models with altered hormonal status.
  • To determine if hormonal modulation affects CAT activity, protein levels, and gene expression in aging mice.
  • To explore the connection between hormonal status, CAT, and antioxidant defense capacity in aging.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of catalase activity, protein levels, and mRNA expression in liver and kidney tissues.

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  • Analysis of long-lived Ames dwarf mice and short-lived growth hormone (GH) transgenic mice compared to wild-type controls.
  • Age-specific assessments across multiple time points (3, 6, 10-15, 24 months).

    • Main Results:

    • Catalase activity and protein were significantly elevated in the livers of dwarf mice compared to wild-type controls across various ages.
    • Growth hormone (GH) transgenic mice showed significant reductions in CAT protein in the liver at 3 and 10-12 months.
    • Kidneys of old dwarf mice displayed increased CAT activity, protein, and mRNA expression, while GH transgenic mice showed reduced kidney CAT activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Hormonal status significantly modulates antioxidative mechanisms, specifically catalase, in aging mammals.
    • Catalase plays a crucial role in the overall defense capacity against oxidative stress during aging.
    • Findings suggest that manipulating hormonal status can influence antioxidant defenses and impact lifespan in aging models.