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The Language of Classic Maya Inscriptions1.

Houston, Robertson, Stuart

    Current Anthropology
    |April 18, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Recent decipherments of Classic Maya hieroglyphs reveal a distinct prestige language, Classic Ch'olti'an. This language, linked to Eastern Ch'olan, influenced status in ancient Maya societies.

    Area of Science:

    • Linguistics
    • Archaeology
    • Epigraphy

    Background:

    • Decipherment of Classic Maya hieroglyphs (ca. A.D. 250-850) has revealed linguistic patterns.
    • Previous studies have not fully identified a unified prestige language within the Maya script.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and define a specific prestige language used in Classic Maya hieroglyphs.
    • To establish the historical affiliations and linguistic features of this language.

    Main Methods:

    • Epigraphic analysis of Maya hieroglyphs.
    • Phonological and morphological pattern identification.
    • Historical linguistic reconstruction.

    Main Results:

    • Isolation of a coherent prestige language, termed "Classic Ch'olti'an," with unique script features.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Evidence supporting Classic Ch'olti'an's historical configuration and link to Eastern Ch'olan languages (Ch'olti' and Ch'orti').

    • Conclusions:

    • Classic Ch'olti'an was likely a shared prestige language among Maya elites, literati, and priests.
    • This language significantly impacted personal and group status within ancient Maya kingdoms.