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Related Experiment Videos

Age differences in behavior and PET activation reveal differences in interference resolution in verbal working

J Jonides1, C Marshuetz, E E Smith

  • 1University of Michigan, USA.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|April 19, 2000
PubMed
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Older adults exhibit greater interference in verbal working memory tasks. This behavioral change correlates with reduced activation in a key brain region, suggesting its role in managing cognitive conflict.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuropsychology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Verbal working memory involves temporarily storing and manipulating information.
  • Response conflict arises when familiarity biases incorrect responses.
  • Previous studies linked younger adults' conflict interference to left lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in behavioral interference during a verbal working memory task.
  • To examine the neural correlates of response conflict in older adults compared to younger adults.
  • To determine the causal role of the left lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) in mediating cognitive conflict.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed a verbal item-recognition task with manipulated response conflict.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Behavioral performance (accuracy, reaction time) was recorded.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity, focusing on the lPFC.

    • Main Results:

    • Older adults demonstrated significantly greater behavioral interference than younger adults.
    • Younger adults showed expected lPFC activation during conflict trials.
    • Older adults exhibited no reliable activation in the same lPFC region during conflict trials.

    Conclusions:

    • The left lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) is functionally involved in resolving response conflict in working memory.
    • Age-related decline in lPFC function may underlie increased cognitive interference in older adults.
    • This finding highlights the neural basis of cognitive aging and working memory deficits.