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Anterior encephaloceles.

A K Mahapatra1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|April 20, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviewed 65 children with anterior encephaloceles, finding the naso-ethmoid type most common. It highlights rare nasopharyngeal encephaloceles and advocates for one-stage repair for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • Craniofacial Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Anterior encephaloceles are congenital herniations of brain tissue through skull defects.
  • Naso-ethmoid and nasopharyngeal encephaloceles present unique diagnostic and surgical challenges.
  • Long-term outcomes and optimal management strategies require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze the clinical presentation, radiological findings, surgical management, and outcomes of anterior encephaloceles in children.
  • To identify the prevalence of different encephalocele types, including rare variants like nasopharyngeal encephaloceles.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of one-stage surgical repair for encephalocele and associated hypertelorism.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 65 children with anterior encephaloceles over a 22-year period (1973-1994).

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  • Review of clinical data, radiological imaging (including CT scans), surgical procedures, and patient outcomes.
  • Analysis of specific subtypes, associated anomalies, and complications such as CSF rhinorrhoea.

    • Main Results:

    • The naso-ethmoid type was most frequent (45 patients), with 6 rare cases of nasopharyngeal encephalocele observed.
    • Common findings included nasal swelling (53 patients) and hypertelorism (50 patients).
    • One-stage repair of encephalocele and hypertelorism was performed in 59 patients, with one postoperative mortality and 10 cases of CSF rhinorrhoea.

    Conclusions:

    • Anterior encephaloceles predominantly affect young children, with the naso-ethmoid type being most common.
    • Rare nasopharyngeal encephaloceles require specific consideration, and one-stage repair appears effective for managing encephalocele and hypertelorism.
    • Management of complications like CSF rhinorrhoea may necessitate further interventions, such as shunts.