Split cord malformation type 1.5: a rare entity

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Pediatric Neurosurgery
• Developmental Biology

Background:

• Split cord malformation (SCM) is a complex spinal dysraphism characterized by the longitudinal division of the spinal cord.
• Pang's classification includes Type 1 (bony spur, separate dura), Type 2 (fibrous tissue, single dura), and Type 1.5 (dorsal/ventral bony spurs).
• SCM can present with neurological deficits, often diagnosed in childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of split cord malformation (SCM) in a pediatric patient.
• To describe the diagnostic findings and surgical management of SCM.
• To highlight the successful outcome following surgical intervention for SCM.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 2-year-old girl presenting with a dermal sinus and subsequent left foot dorsiflexion weakness.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the spine was utilized for diagnosis.
• Surgical excision of the spinal cord spur was performed.

Main Results:

• MRI revealed a posteriorly arising spur with a partial bony and fibrous band dividing the spinal cord within separate dural coverings.
• Surgical removal of the spur successfully unified the dural covering.
• The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative recovery.

Conclusions:

• This case demonstrates a variant of split cord malformation (SCM) requiring surgical intervention.
• Complete surgical removal of the spur is an effective treatment for SCM.
• Early diagnosis and surgical management can lead to positive outcomes in pediatric SCM cases.