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Related Experiment Videos

The vesical calculus.

B F Schwartz1, M L Stoller

  • 1Department of Urology, MCHK-DSU, Honolulu, Hawaii.

The Urologic Clinics of North America
|April 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bladder calculi, or bladder stones, are linked to various risk factors including surgery and infections. Identifying and treating underlying causes is key to managing these stones.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Bladder calculi constitute 5% of urinary calculi, often stemming from foreign bodies, obstruction, or infection.
  • Specific patient groups, including males with prostate issues, women post-anti-incontinence surgery, and individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) using Foley catheters, face elevated risks.
  • A notable association exists between bladder calculi and malignant bladder tumors in certain patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology, risk factors, and predisposing conditions for bladder calculi.
  • To discuss the relationship between bladder stones and bladder cancer.
  • To outline current management strategies for bladder stone removal.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bladder calculi.
  • Analysis of risk factors and associations.

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  • Summary of treatment modalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Prostate disease, anti-incontinence surgery, SCI with catheters, and specific surgical augmentations (ileum/colon vs. gastric patch) influence stone formation.
    • Gastric augmentation may offer protection, while ileum/colon augmentation promotes stone formation due to pH changes.
    • Children in endemic areas are at high risk due to diet, voiding dysfunction, and anatomical abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of bladder calculi requires addressing obstruction, infection, and accurate diagnosis.
    • Meticulous surgical techniques are essential for treatment.
    • Understanding diverse risk factors is crucial for prevention and management.