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Air pollution and allergy.
1Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa, Japan.
Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|April 26, 2000
Summary
Air pollution, specifically diesel exhaust particulates (DEP), enhances allergic responses by increasing IgE antibody production and Th2 cytokine synthesis. This suggests DEP may contribute to the rising prevalence of allergic diseases.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Immunology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Allergic diseases are increasing globally, particularly in industrialized nations.
- Environmental factors, such as air pollution, are suspected contributors.
- Suspended particulate matter (SPM) is prevalent in polluted areas and linked to higher allergy rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of suspended particulate matter (SPM), specifically diesel exhaust particulates (DEP), on allergic responses.
- To determine if DEP exacerbates IgE antibody production and Th2-type cytokine synthesis.
Main Methods:
- Animal studies involving intraperitoneal and intranasal administration of DEP in mice.
- Human studies involving nasal challenge with DEP.
- Measurement of IgE antibody production and Th2-type cytokine synthesis.
Main Results:
- SPM was found to enhance IgE antibody production in mice.
- DEP demonstrated an adjuvant effect on IgE production in mice via multiple administration routes.
- Nasal DEP challenge in humans increased total and specific IgE in nasal lavages.
- DEP enhanced Th2-type cytokine synthesis in both murine and human subjects.
Conclusions:
- Diesel exhaust particulates (DEP) enhance allergic responses by boosting IgE production and Th2 cytokine synthesis.
- DEP may play a role in the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases.
- Further research into the mechanisms and public health implications of DEP exposure is warranted.