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Related Experiment Videos

Recollection-based recognition eliminates the revelation effect in memory.

D L Westerman1

  • 1Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. wester@binghamton.edu

Memory & Cognition
|May 3, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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The revelation effect, where items feel familiar after processing similar stimuli, was not observed in recognition tasks relying on recall. This suggests the effect depends on familiarity, not recollection.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The revelation effect describes increased "old" judgments on recognition tests following processing of similar stimuli.
  • It is often attributed to heightened item familiarity in the "revelation" condition.
  • Previous research suggests familiarity is the primary mechanism driving the revelation effect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the revelation effect in recognition tasks that incorporate recall-like retrieval processes.
  • To determine if the revelation effect is contingent on familiarity or if it occurs when recollection is engaged.
  • To examine the role of familiarity versus recollection in recognition memory.

Main Methods:

  • Recognition tasks were designed to reduce reliance on familiarity by engaging recall-like retrieval.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants completed associative-recognition and plurality-recognition tasks.
  • Performance was analyzed to assess the presence or absence of the revelation effect.

    • Main Results:

    • A revelation effect was not observed in either the associative-recognition or plurality-recognition tasks.
    • The findings indicate that the revelation effect is absent when familiarity's contribution to recognition is minimized.
    • The results suggest that factors encouraging recollection inhibit the revelation effect.

    Conclusions:

    • The revelation effect is not a universal phenomenon in recognition memory.
    • The effect appears to be dependent on the contribution of item familiarity to the recognition decision.
    • When recognition relies on recollection of study episodes, the revelation effect is diminished or absent.