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[Effects of oral 5-HT3 antagonists on chemotherapy-induced emesis in patients with gynecologic cancers]

S Ishioka1, S Sagae, T Saito

  • 1Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|May 3, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Oral 5-HT3 antagonists effectively control chemotherapy-induced emesis for paclitaxel-based regimens. However, for cisplatin-based therapies, intravenous 5-HT3 antagonists are preferred to manage nausea and vomiting.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced emesis is a significant side effect impacting patient quality of life.
  • 5-HT3 antagonists are a key class of antiemetic drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of intravenous and oral 5-HT3 antagonists in managing chemotherapy-induced emesis.
  • To evaluate antiemetic effectiveness across different chemotherapy regimens.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 21 gynecologic cancer patients and 63 chemotherapy courses.
  • Assessment of emesis severity using a 4-grade scale and frequency of vomiting.
  • Comparison of intravenous granisetron with four oral 5-HT3 antagonists (granisetron, ondansetron, tropisetron, ramosetron).

Main Results:

  • Oral 5-HT3 antagonists demonstrated comparable efficacy to intravenous granisetron for paclitaxel-based (JT or T) therapies.
  • Oral 5-HT3 antagonists were ineffective for cisplatin, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (CAP) therapy.
  • Efficacy was assessed for 5 days post-chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Oral 5-HT3 antagonists provide sufficient antiemetic effects for paclitaxel-based chemotherapy.
  • Intravenous 5-HT3 antagonists are recommended for controlling emesis induced by CAP chemotherapy regimens.

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