Changing clinicopathological profile of intussusception in Nigeria--a 20-year review

Intussuception was a common cause of intestinal obstruction at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. A peculiar type characterized by being ceco-colic, and found most commonly in adults, was the commonest variety found, but over the last few years this type of intussusception appears to have reduced in incidence. The aim of the study is to define the relative incidence of intussusception and the contribution of the various types of the overall incidence as seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Review of case notes and the surgical pathology records of all cases of Intussusception seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan between 1975 and 1994 was done.

There was a 48.1% decline in the absolute number of cases seen during the period of the study, and this decline was more among adult cases than infantile intussusception. The mean age of presentation of infantile intussusception was 8 months, while it was 42 years for adults. The classical triad of vomiting, pain and bloody stool was seen in only 15% of cases. Morbidity and mortality rates were high at 18 and 8.5% respectively and this was related to delayed presentation.

The incidence of intussusception has fallen in the community studied and this decline has affected the adult age group and the ceco-colic type of intussusception more. Late presentation is a feature of most cases and is related to the high mortality and morbidity rates seen.