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Chromobacterium violaceum infection in Brazil. A case report
R Martinez1, M A Velludo, V R Santos
1Divisão de Doenças Infecciosas e Tropicais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Summary
This case study details a fatal Chromobacterium violaceum infection in Brazil, highlighting rapid progression and organ failure. Early consideration of chromobacteriosis is crucial for effective treatment of severe infections.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative bacillus.
- Infections are rare but can be severe, particularly in tropical regions.
- This report details the second documented case in Brazil.
Observation:
- A farm worker presented with fever, severe abdominal pain, and a toxemic state.
- Clinical presentation included bilateral pneumonia and liver abscesses.
- The patient experienced rapid deterioration with multiple organ failure.
Findings:
- Blood cultures isolated C. violaceum with resistance to ampicillin and cephalosporins.
- The pathogen was sensitive to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin.
- Autopsy confirmed pulmonary microabscesses and multiple liver abscesses.
Implications:
- Chromobacterium violaceum infections exhibit a rapid clinical course, high mortality, and visceral abscess formation.
- The observed antimicrobial resistance necessitates careful consideration for empirical antibiotic therapy.
- Chromobacteriosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of severe community-acquired infections in Brazil.