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Nutritional antioxidants as antidegenerative agents.

C De Ruvo1, R Amodio, S Algeri

  • 1Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia, Dipartimento di Farmacologia Molecolare e Oncologia, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Consorzio "Mario Negri" Sud, 66030 Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|May 19, 2000
PubMed
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Certain natural antioxidants, like ascorbic acid and red wine extract, can prevent apoptosis in rat cerebellar neurons. Other antioxidants, including resveratrol and quercetin, showed no protective effects against neuronal cell death.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cerebellar granule neurons are susceptible to apoptosis induced by low potassium (K+) or glutamate.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in this apoptotic process.
  • Investigating natural antioxidants for neuroprotection is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the antiapoptotic effects of various natural antioxidants and a red wine extract on cultured cerebellar granule neurons.
  • To determine if these compounds can mitigate apoptosis induced by low K+ or glutamate.

Main Methods:

  • Primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons were established.
  • Apoptosis was induced using low K+ medium or glutamate.
  • Apoptosis was quantified using flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, and DNA fragmentation analysis.

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  • The protective effects of antioxidants were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Ascorbic acid (30 microM) and a red wine lyophilized extract (5 microgram/ml) significantly blocked apoptosis.
    • Trans- and cis-resveratrol, alpha-tocopherol, reduced glutathione, 3-hydroxytirosol, epicatechin, and quercetin did not protect against apoptosis.
    • The protective effects of ascorbic acid and red wine extract may involve reducing ROS formation and caspase-3 activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Only a select group of natural antioxidants, specifically ascorbic acid and red wine extract, demonstrate antiapoptotic activity in cerebellar granule neurons.
    • These findings suggest a targeted approach to neuroprotection against oxidative stress-induced neuronal death.