Summation between nearby motion signals and facilitative/inhibitory interactions between distant motion signals
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 16, 2026

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
Published on: December 31, 2013
Abstract:
To explain the finding that motion assimilation was dominant between nearby motion signals while motion contrast between distant ones, a center-surround antagonistic mechanism was proposed [Nawrot & Sekuler (1990). Vision Research, 30, 1439-1451]. However, motion assimilation occurred not only between nearby signals but also between distant ones, suggesting the existence of a center-surround non-antagonistic mechanism [Ido. Ohtani & Ejima (1997). Vision Research, 37, 1565-1574]. The present study was designed to provide direct evidence for the non-antagonistic mechanism, and to examine further the motion interactions which operate in different spatial scales. The nature of motion interaction between the test and the inducer was examined by varying the size, the number of frames, the frame duration and the inter-frame displacement of random-dot kinematograms. The results were consistent with the notion that there are three types of interactions in human motion processing; one is a summation process effective within nearby regions, and the other two are facilitative and inhibitory induction processes operating over larger spatial scales. Analysis of the results in terms of the Fourier components suggests that the facilitative and the inhibitory induction processes may be sensitive, respectively to the lower and the higher temporal frequency components of the stimulus.
Related Concept Videos
Integration of Synaptic Events
Graded Potential
Graded potentials fall into two categories: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing. Depolarizing graded potentials typically occur when sodium (Na+) or calcium...
Interference and Superposition of Waves
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...
Propagation of Action Potentials
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

