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White coat hypertension in type 1 diabetic patients without nephropathy
L Flores1, M Recasens, R Gomis
1Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic i Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
Insights
White coat hypertension (WCH) is common in type 1 diabetes patients, affecting 74%. This condition, characterized by elevated office blood pressure, may increase the risk of diabetic complications like nephropathy.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with cardiovascular and renal complications.
- White coat hypertension (WCH) is a condition where blood pressure is elevated in a clinical setting but normal otherwise.
- The prevalence and implications of WCH in T1DM patients require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of white coat hypertension (WCH) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- To assess the relationship between WCH, blood pressure, and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in this population.
Main Methods:
- Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were performed.
- The study included 47 patients with T1DM, categorized by office blood pressure measurements.
Main Results:
- White coat hypertension (WCH) was diagnosed in 20 out of 47 patients (74%).
- Patients with WCH exhibited higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure and UAE compared to normotensive individuals.
- A significant prevalence of WCH was observed in the T1DM cohort.
Conclusions:
- White coat hypertension (WCH) is highly prevalent in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.
- WCH may serve as an early indicator and potential risk factor for diabetic complications, particularly diabetic nephropathy.
Abstract:
The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of white coat hypertension (WCH) in type 1 diabetic patients. Therefore, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and 24-h urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were determined in 47 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (27 with new diagnosis of hypertension by office blood pressure (BP) measurement and 20 with normotension). WCH was diagnosed in 20 patients (74%). Patients with WCH presented higher values of systolic and diastolic BP and UAE than normotensive patients. The results indicate that in type 1 diabetes mellitus WCH is very frequent. Thus, WCH may represent a potential risk for the development of diabetic complications, mainly diabetic nephropathy.