A comparison between default EGS4 and EGS4 with bound Compton cross sections when scattering occurs in bone and fat

Computer simulation packages are important tools in understanding how radiation interacts with matter. EGS4 is a photon/electron Monte Carlo transport program that is employed in the health/medical physics field. Due to its high energy roots, the default version of EGS4 treats all electrons as unbound and therefore uses the Klein-Nishina cross section formula to determine Compton scattering angle distributions and the probability of Compton scattering through the branching ratio. Researchers have created improvements to EGS4 that account for the bound Compton cross section as well as other scattering properties. Numerical experiments were performed on both the default code and modified EGS4 to examine output differences in low Z materials such as fat and bone. Four incident photon energies were considered. At higher energies (500 keV and 1 MeV) the default and modified EGS4 codes produced results within 2sigma of one another. At 50 and 100 keV differences in scattering angle distribution and branching ratio values were found. In addition, the number of photoelectric absorptions and Compton scatters were also different at these energies.