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Infantile bilateral striatal necrosis following measles
G Cambonie1, L Houdon, F Rivier
1Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France. g-cambonie@chu-montpellier.fr
Abstract:
A previously healthy 4-year-old boy presented with typical measles and demonstrated lesions confined to basal ganglia. The clinical symptoms were an abrupt onset, impaired consciousness and mutism, extrapyramidal signs and severe neurovegetative dysfunction. No modification of the cerebrospinal fluid was observed; laboratory tests were all normal with the exception of a positive serologic test for measles. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal signals in the striatum, affecting the putamen and the caudate nuclei bilaterally. Neurologic improvement occurred within 2 months, with regression of lesions on cranial imaging, suggesting that edema played an important role in the initial stage of the disease.
Insights
A pediatric measles case presented with basal ganglia lesions causing neurological symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and imaging revealed striatal abnormalities, with edema likely contributing to the initial presentation.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious viral illness.
- Neurological complications of measles can occur, though basal ganglia involvement is rare.
- Understanding the specific neuroimaging findings and clinical course is crucial for diagnosis and management.