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Related Experiment Videos

Combining human placental lactogen with routine glucose challenge tests.

Henderson1, Divon

  • 1Office of Research on Women's Health, NIH, Maryland, Bethesda, USA

Primary Care Update for Ob/Gyns
|June 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Human placental lactogen (HPL) levels are higher in pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes. Measuring HPL may improve the accuracy of glucose challenge tests (GCT) for diagnosing diabetes during pregnancy.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of GDM is crucial for maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Glucose challenge tests (GCT) are used for screening, but can have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether serum human placental lactogen (HPL) levels are elevated in pregnant individuals diagnosed with gestational diabetes.
  • To determine if HPL measurement can enhance the diagnostic accuracy of the glucose challenge test (GCT).

Main Methods:

  • Serum HPL levels were measured using radioimmunoassay in 257 gravidas.
  • Participants underwent a 1-hour glucose challenge test (GCT) and, if abnormal, a 100g oral glucose tolerance test (GTT).

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  • HPL levels were compared between groups with normal GCT, abnormal GCT with normal GTT, and abnormal GCT with abnormal GTT (gestational diabetes).

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-two percent of women had an elevated GCT, and 49% of those had an abnormal GTT (gestational diabetes).
    • Mean HPL was significantly higher in women with gestational diabetes (5.85 mg/mL) compared to those with an abnormal GCT but normal GTT (3.38 mg/mL).
    • Elevated HPL was also observed in women with a normal GCT but whose infants had macrosomia (>4000g).

    Conclusions:

    • Human placental lactogen (HPL) levels are significantly higher in pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes compared to those with a false-positive GCT.
    • Adjuvant HPL measurement may improve the positive predictive value of the glucose challenge test (GCT).
    • HPL may serve as a valuable biomarker in diagnosing gestational diabetes.