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Effects of suramin on PMN interactions with different surfaces

G F Sud'ina1, M A Pushkareva, S I Galkina

  • 1A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Russia.

Bioscience Reports
|June 7, 2000
PubMed

Insights

The chemotherapeutic drug suramin causes human white blood cells (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) to stick to surfaces, reducing the production of inflammatory leukotrienes. This adhesion and reduced leukotriene synthesis can be reversed by other agents.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) play a crucial role in inflammatory responses.
  • Leukotriene synthesis is a key pathway in inflammation, involving enzymes like 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of the chemotherapeutic drug suramin on PMN adhesion and leukotriene synthesis.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which suramin influences PMN-ECM interactions and inflammatory mediator production.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy to visualize PMN adhesion.
  • Myeloperoxidase assays to quantify PMN adherence.
  • Measurement of leukotriene synthesis and arachidonic acid release.
  • Utilizing agents like jasplakonolide and dextran sulfate to reverse suramin's effects.

Main Results:

  • Suramin induced tight adhesion of PMN on endothelial cells and collagen surfaces.
  • Suramin inhibited leukotriene (LT) synthesis stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore A23187.
  • Suramin decreased the release of arachidonic acid (AA) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) metabolites.
  • Jasplakonolide and dextran sulfate reversed suramin-induced adhesion and restored LT synthesis.
  • Arachidonate addition also overcame suramin's inhibitory effects.

Conclusions:

  • Suramin-induced PMN adhesion to solid surfaces leads to decreased leukotriene synthesis.
  • This effect is linked to the availability of substrates and the activity of the 5-LO pathway.
  • Suramin's impact on PMN adhesion and function has implications for inflammatory processes.

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