Scientific validation of two commercial pressure sensor systems for prosthetic socket fit

The concept of measuring pressure at the interface between the stump and the prosthetic socket could provide valuable information in the process of prosthetic socket fabrication, modification, and fit. Two systems, the Rincoe Socket Fitting System (SFS) and Tekscan's F-Socket Pressure Measurement System, have been commercially designed for in situ interface pressure measurement over the past decade. Their use is not common in prosthetic practice, perhaps due to questions of cost effectiveness and the difficulties of interpreting the data. Another concern is the use of sensors for pressure measurements in areas of high contour and complex geometries such as the stump. Before these systems can be used in a clinical setting, it is necessary to determine the reliability and accuracy of each system. In order to assess the clinical validity of the Rincoe SFS and F-Socket systems, a series of trials was conducted to evaluate different aspects of sensor performance, namely; accuracy, hysteresis, drift and the effect of curvature. The sensors were subjected to tests in flatbed and custom-designed pressure vessels. Overall results indicated an accuracy error for the Rincoe SFS system of 25% (flatbed) and 33% (mould), with a corresponding 15% (flatbed) and 23% (mould) error in hysteresis, and 7% (flatbed) and 11% (mould) drift errors. The F-Socket system demonstrated an 8% (flatbed) and 11% (mould) accuracy errors, 42% (flatbed) and 24% (mould) hysteresis errors, and 12% (flatbed) and 33% (mould) drift errors. These findings indicate favourable results for the F-Socket Pressure Measurement System compared to the Rincoe Socket Fitting System with respect to its accuracy errors only. Nevertheless, it is the authors' belief that these systems are adequate in indicating areas of high pressure at the stump socket interface for clinical purposes, but both systems should be used with caution.