Sexual dimorphism of the human cerebral pallium

Sexual dimorphism was found regarding the cortico-medullary volume ratio in human brains throughout the age range, without the need for statistical analysis. After measurement of the areas of the whole pallium, cerebral cortex and cerebral medullary substance in 10 mm thick slices with the help of an image-analyzer, the total volume of the brain was calculated by integrating the volumes of each slice. The sexual dimorphism found in the cortico-medullary volume ratio may be of importance to understand sex differences, to solve questions related to various activities, functions, behaviours and responses, or to evaluate various pathologic conditions including non-physiological cerebral atrophy.