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A fiber-optic microarray biosensor using aptamers as receptors.

M Lee1, D R Walt

  • 1Max Tishler Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, USA.

Analytical Biochemistry
|June 22, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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A new fiber-optic biosensor uses DNA aptamers to detect thrombin, a key blood protein. This reusable sensor offers a sensitive and rapid method for thrombin measurement in diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Thrombin is a critical enzyme in blood coagulation, making its accurate measurement essential for diagnosing and managing various hemostatic disorders.
  • Existing methods for thrombin detection can be time-consuming, expensive, or lack the sensitivity required for early disease detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fiber-optic biosensor for the sensitive and selective detection of thrombin.
  • To utilize DNA aptamers as bioreceptors immobilized on microspheres for thrombin capture.
  • To establish a rapid and reusable platform for thrombin quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Immobilization of antithrombin DNA aptamers onto silica microspheres.
  • Distribution of aptamer-functionalized microspheres within microwells at the tip of an imaging fiber.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing a competitive binding assay with fluorescein-labeled thrombin (F-thrombin) and a modified epifluorescence microscope.
  • Inclusion of control oligonucleotide beads to quantify nonspecific binding.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed fiber-optic biosensor demonstrated selective binding to thrombin via the immobilized aptamers.
    • A detection limit of 1 nM for nonlabeled thrombin was achieved using the competitive assay.
    • The aptamer beads exhibited reusability without a significant loss in sensitivity.
    • Each assay, including regeneration, was completed in approximately 15 minutes.

    Conclusions:

    • The fiber-optic aptamer biosensor provides a sensitive, selective, and rapid method for thrombin detection.
    • This platform offers potential for point-of-care diagnostics and real-time monitoring of coagulation processes.
    • The reusable nature of the aptamer beads enhances the cost-effectiveness and practicality of the biosensor system.