Chlamydia detection and management

Chlamydia trachomatis is a common, often asymptomatic sexually acquired infection with serious sequelae if left untreated.

To describe the prevalence, clinical features, investigations, indications for screening, contact tracing and treatment of complicated and uncomplicated infection with C trachomatis.

The availability of DNA amplification tests with improved sensitivity and the introduction of single dose therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated infection has simplified the management of C trachomatis infection. The general practitioner (GP) is ideally placed to reduce the burden of disease in the population with implementation of a targeted screening program for C trachomatis. However, the GP will need to continue to remain vigilant to the subtle symptoms and signs of unrecognised or asymptomatic infection and ensure contact tracing of sexual partners is actively pursued.