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[Detection of alien chromatins introgressed into wheat in mitotic interphase] [In Process Citation]
Yi Chuan Xue Bao = Acta Genetica Sinica
|July 6, 2000
Summary
Fluorescent in situ hybridization visualizes alien chromatin in wheat, revealing distinct patterns and enabling chromosome counting. However, nucleolus analysis alone is unreliable for complex wheat alien chromosome additions.
Area of Science:
- Plant genetics
- Cytogenetics
- Molecular biology
Background:
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement often involves introgressing alien chromatin for desirable traits.
- Understanding the behavior of alien chromosomes within the wheat nucleus is crucial for successful breeding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To visualize and characterize the interphase chromatin behavior of alien chromosomes introgressed into wheat.
- To assess the feasibility of using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for identifying and quantifying alien genetic material in wheat.
Main Methods:
- Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using biotin-labeled total genomic DNA from alien species (Secale cereale, Thinopyrum intermedium, Avena fatua, Dasypyrum villosum) as probes.
- Analysis of chromatin organization in interphase nuclei of wheat lines containing alien chromosome additions, substitutions, or translocations.
- Examination of chromatin behavior in hybrid calli derived from wheat and alien species crosses.
Main Results:
- Alien chromosome segments (e.g., 1RS, 1R, Th. intermedium, A. avena, D. villosum) were visualized as distinct spots or domains in wheat interphase nuclei.
- Introgressed chromatins from different parents in hybrid calli showed a tendency to remain separate, not mixing.
- FISH enabled counting of alien chromosomes and segments in cases of addition, substitution, and translocation.
- Nucleolus association was observed for some alien chromosomes (1RS), while others (S. cereale 1R, D. villosum 1V) were not associated, suggesting inhibited nucleolar function.
Conclusions:
- FISH is a feasible method for identifying and quantifying alien chromatin in wheat at the interphase stage.
- The spatial arrangement of alien chromatin in interphase nuclei provides insights into their behavior and potential integration.
- Nucleolus association is not a universal feature for all alien chromosomes in wheat and may be inhibited, impacting their function.
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