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The false-positive in universal newborn hearing screening.

C J Clemens1, S A Davis, A R Bailey

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27401, USA. cclemens@med.unc.edu

Pediatrics
|July 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Rescreening infants before hospital discharge significantly reduces false-positive results in universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS). Lasting maternal anxiety from false positives is minimal, especially with better UNHS understanding.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neonatal Care
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) aims for early detection of hearing loss.
  • False-positive results in UNHS can cause maternal anxiety and impact views on screening.
  • Automated auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a common UNHS method.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the false-positive rate of a UNHS program using automated ABR.
  • To assess the emotional impact of false-positive results on maternal anxiety.
  • To identify strategies for reducing false-positive rates in UNHS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 5010 infant automated ABR screenings.
  • Structured telephone survey of mothers with infants who failed initial and outpatient rescreens.

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  • Data collected from July 1998 to June 1999 at the Women's Hospital of Greensboro.

    • Main Results:

    • A 1.9% false-positive rate was observed in stage 1 UNHS.
    • Rescreening 51% of infants before discharge reduced the false-positive rate.
    • If all infants were rescreened before discharge, the false-positive rate would be <0.5%.
    • Only 14% of mothers reported lasting anxiety after their child passed rescreening.
    • Over 90% of mothers supported the UNHS program.

    Conclusions:

    • Rescreening all infants before hospital discharge can reduce UNHS false-positive rates to below 1%.
    • Detrimental emotional impact on mothers from false-positive results appears minimal.
    • Improved understanding of UNHS can further mitigate any lasting maternal anxiety.