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Related Experiment Videos

CD44 expression in tuberous sclerosis.

Y Arai1, S Takashima, L E Becker

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center Hospital for Mental, Nervous and Muscular Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.

Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology
|July 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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CD44, a cell adhesion molecule, is upregulated in tuberous sclerosis brain lesions, particularly around balloon cells. This suggests CD44 plays a role in the cellular changes observed in this neurological disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • CD44 is a cell adhesion molecule crucial for cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.
  • In the central nervous system, CD44 is found in astrocytes, suggesting a role in maintaining brain structure.
  • Tuberous sclerosis is a genetic disorder causing tumor-like growths in various organs, including the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of CD44 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in tuberous sclerosis brain specimens.
  • To determine if CD44 expression differs between normal brain tissue and lesions associated with tuberous sclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to examine CD44 and GFAP expression in neurosurgically resected brain tissues from patients with and without tuberous sclerosis.

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  • Western blot analysis was performed to quantify CD44 and GFAP levels in tissue samples.

    • Main Results:

    • CD44 was expressed in astrocyte processes in control brains, particularly near blood vessels and the pial surface.
    • In tuberous sclerosis lesions, CD44 expression was abundant in astrocyte processes and showed immunoreactive halos around balloon cells and subependymal tumor cells.
    • Western blot revealed increased CD44 levels in tubers and subependymal giant-cell tumors compared to controls, correlating with astrogliosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased CD44 expression in tuberous sclerosis lesions suggests its involvement in the pathogenesis of balloon cells and tumor formation.
    • CD44 may contribute to the clustering of balloon and tumor cells through cell surface interactions.
    • GFAP was present in tubers but not in subependymal giant-cell tumors, indicating differential astrocyte involvement.