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Drug-induced acute malaria.

A Skoutelis¹, A Symeonidis, E Vassalou

¹Department of Medicine, Patras University Medical School, Athens.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

|July 6, 2000

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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A rare case of Plasmodium malariae malaria reactivated after 45 years of latency in an elderly woman treated with immunosuppressants is presented. This highlights potential long-term risks of latent malaria reactivation.

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Immunology
Tropical Medicine

Background:

Plasmodium malariae malaria is typically characterized by quartan fever cycles.
Latent malaria infections can persist for decades, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Immunosuppressive therapies are known to increase the risk of opportunistic infections and reactivation of latent pathogens.

Observation:

An elderly woman presented with acute Plasmodium malariae infection.
The infection reactivated after a remarkable 45-year latency period.
The patient had previously been treated with chlorambucil and methylprednisolone, potent immunosuppressive agents.

Findings:

This case represents a unique instance of long-term latent Plasmodium malariae reactivation.

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The reactivation was triggered by immunosuppressive treatment, suggesting a link between iatrogenic immune suppression and malaria relapse.

Only one prior report documented methotrexate-induced acute malaria reactivation in the English literature.

Implications:

Clinicians should consider the possibility of latent malaria reactivation in patients on long-term immunosuppressive therapy, especially those with a history of malaria exposure.
This case underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring for parasitic infections in immunocompromised individuals.
Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms of long-term malaria latency and reactivation, particularly in the context of modern immunosuppressive treatments.