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Updated: Oct 15, 2026

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
Published on: September 26, 2011
Analysis of env sequence evolution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving therapy with
C Dykes1, P Mootsikapun, A Dexter
1Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Carrie_Dykes@urmc.rochester.edu
Abstract:
Nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) can rapidly select for drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants, although their effect on HIV-1 quasi-species diversity is unknown. To determine if changes in env gene diversification occur with NNRTI therapy, we used the heteroduplex tracking assay (HTA) to study HIV-1 env sequence diversity in 2 groups of patients: those who were on no therapy or were on chronic antiretroviral therapy and those who had just initiated NNRTIs. Forty-nine paired samples from 46 patients were analyzed. Fourteen of 32 paired samples from the NNRTI group and 9 of 17 paired samples from the control group had HTA changes (P>.10). There was no correlation between HTA change and sampling time interval, baseline virus load, change in virus load, or development of NNRTI resistance. Thus, we found no significant correlation of NNRTI therapy with changes in env HTA patterns, suggesting that these treatments had little short-term impact on HIV-1 quasi-species diversity.
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