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Thickness of masticatory mucosa
H P Müller1, N Schaller, T Eger
1School of Dental Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany. perio@t-online.de
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|July 7, 2000
Summary
Masticatory mucosa thickness varies significantly between individuals and sexes, with males generally having thicker tissue. This study measured mucosal thickness across various oral sites using ultrasound, revealing distinct regional differences and potential functional implications for the gingiva.
Area of Science:
- Oral anatomy and physiology
- Periodontology
- Biomaterials and biomechanics
Background:
- Masticatory mucosa thickness is crucial for oral health and function.
- Previous research has not comprehensively assessed variations across all mucosal sites.
- Ultrasonic measurement offers a non-invasive method for precise thickness assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively assess the thickness of all masticatory mucosa regions.
- To identify variations in mucosal thickness based on sex and anatomical location.
- To explore the functional implications of observed thickness differences.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasound device utilized for non-invasive thickness measurements.
- 40 periodontally healthy volunteers (19-30 years old) participated.
- Thickness measured at up to 149 sites per subject, covering facial, lingual, interdental, and palatal gingiva, as well as tuberosity and retromolar regions.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in masticatory mucosa thickness observed between sexes, with females exhibiting thinner mucosa.
- Facial gingiva thickness ranged from 0.7 mm (maxillary canines, mandibular incisors) to 2.3 mm (mandibular 3rd molars).
- Palatal mucosa was thickest in the 3rd molar and 2nd premolar regions (≥3 mm), with thinner areas noted at incisors and molar root prominences. Tuberosity and retromolar regions showed the thickest tissues (>4 mm).
Conclusions:
- Substantial intra- and interindividual variations in masticatory mucosa thickness were confirmed.
- Observed differences in facial and interdental gingiva thickness suggest a role in smoothing dentoalveolar convexities.
- Gingival lining function may be critical for adapting to underlying skeletal structures.