The effects of two ultrasonic instruments on root surfaces

Area of Science:

• Dental instrumentation
• Periodontology
• Surface analysis

Background:

• Root surface debridement is crucial in periodontal therapy.
• Ultrasonic instruments are commonly used for scaling and root planing.
• Assessing the surface characteristics of treated root surfaces is important for healing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the root surface smoothness produced by the Orbison ultrasonic instrument and the Cavitron ultrasonic dental unit.
• To evaluate potential differences in root surface morphology after ultrasonic instrumentation.

Main Methods:

• Twenty teeth were instrumented using either the Orbison or Cavitron device.
• Root surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
• Surfaces were classified as either rough or smooth based on SEM evaluation.

Main Results:

• Both the Orbison and Cavitron instruments produced comparable root surface smoothness.
• Minimal scarring was observed on the root surfaces regardless of the instrument used.
• Residual smearing of collagenous fibrils was noted on surfaces apical to the epithelial attachment.

Conclusions:

• The Orbison and Cavitron ultrasonic instruments yield similar outcomes in terms of root surface smoothness.
• Both devices appear to be effective with minimal root surface trauma.
• Further investigation into the implications of fibril smearing is warranted.