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Token economy for schizophrenia.

T McMonagle1, A Sultana

  • 1St. Ita's Hospital, Portrane, Co. Dublin, Ireland. mcmonagt@cs.tcd.ie

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Token economies may improve negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients, but more research is needed to confirm effectiveness and long-term impact. These behavioral therapy programs require further evaluation in well-designed trials.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Therapy

Background:

  • Token economy is a behavioral therapy using tokens for predefined behaviors.
  • Historically used for schizophrenia, particularly negative symptoms like poor motivation and social withdrawal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of token economies compared to standard care for individuals with schizophrenia or other serious mental illnesses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials comparing token economy regimes with standard care.
  • Searches included major databases; data extraction and quality rating were performed.

Main Results:

  • Three randomized controlled trials (n=110) were included.
  • One small study indicated token economy improved negative symptoms (SANS-CV) at three months.

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Conclusions:

  • Token economies may impact negative symptoms, but reproducibility and clinical significance are uncertain.
  • Further well-designed randomized trials are needed to evaluate token economy effectiveness.