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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Choanal adenoid syndrome--a preliminary report
Abstract:
A series of 19 patients with long-lasting nasal stenosis despite repeated treatment attempts, including, in many cases, repeated adenoidectomy, was found to have ectopic adenoid tissue inside the choanae. The choanal adenoid tissue could not be removed by curettage, only transnasally using forceps. The treatment was successful in all 19 patients. It is estimated that in at least 2% of the patients with long-lasting nasal stenosis, attention should be focused on the bottleneck of the nasopharyngeal airway represented by the choanae, primarily by fibre optic endoscopic examination.
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Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Tonsillitis I: Introduction
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway
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Esophageal Achalasia

