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Acoustically derived ice-fracture velocity in central Arctic pack ice.

C Stamoulis1, I Dyer

  • 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Ocean Engineering, Cambridge 02139, USA. caterina@mit.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|August 3, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Fracture speeds in Arctic ice were estimated using acoustic events. Most fracture propagation speeds were found to be subsonic, differing from previous assumptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Acoustics
  • Cryosphere Science

Background:

  • Fractures in Arctic ice generate acoustic events.
  • Estimating fracture velocity is crucial for understanding ice dynamics.
  • Previous studies assumed fracture speeds near Rayleigh wave speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate fracture propagation speed and orientation in Arctic ice.
  • To analyze acoustic events using Doppler shifts from source motion.
  • To compare estimated speeds with Rayleigh wave speed in sea ice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized acoustic event data from the 1994 SIMI experiment in the central Arctic.
  • Analyzed data within the 10 to 350 Hz frequency window.
  • Applied Doppler shift measurements to determine speed and orientation, assuming unilateral fracture propagation.

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Main Results:

  • Estimated fracture propagation speeds for 186 events.
  • Found most speeds to be subsonic, ranging from 100 to 1100 m/s.
  • Observed speeds significantly lower than the assumed Rayleigh wave speed of 1700 m/s.

Conclusions:

  • Arctic ice fracture speeds are predominantly subsonic.
  • The wide range of observed speeds suggests complex fracture mechanisms.
  • Findings challenge previous assumptions about fracture propagation in sea ice.