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Secondary hypertension in children
1Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Insights
Secondary hypertension in children is often curable. Common causes include coarctation of the aorta and lupus nephritis, with many presenting non-hypertensive symptoms. Survival depended on treatment like surgery or dialysis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Secondary hypertension in children is a significant clinical concern.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for potentially curable causes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the etiological factors, clinical presentation, and outcomes of pediatric hypertension.
- To identify common causes and associated symptoms in hypertensive children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 136 children diagnosed with hypertension.
- Analysis of etiological factors, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Coarctation of the aorta and systemic lupus nephritis were the most frequent causes in infants and adolescents, respectively.
- 37.5% of children presented with symptoms unrelated to hypertension.
- Mortality rate was 20.6%, with survival achieved through surgery, hemodialysis, or medication.
Conclusions:
- Secondary hypertension in children is treatable, with diverse etiologies.
- Recognizing non-specific symptoms is vital for timely diagnosis and management.
- Effective treatment strategies can lead to controlled hypertension and improved survival rates.
Abstract:
Secondary hypertension is a potentially curable disease. One-hundred-and thirty six children was diagnosed as hypertension in the National Taiwan University Hospital from January 1992 to June 1998 and they were retrospectively reviewed and analysed for the etiological factors, presentation, and clinical outcome. The most common cause of hypertension was coarctation of aorta in infants and systemic lupus nephritis in adolescents. These children often presented symptoms and signs not directly related hypertension (37.5%). Twenty eight children (20.6%) died. The hypertension of the survival had been controlled by surgery, chronic hemodialysis, or medication.