Does augmented growth impose an increased risk of fetal death?

Our purpose was to examine the risk of fetal death associated with augmented fetal growth.

All live births recorded in Virginia between January 1, 1991, and December 31, 1993, were examined. Mortality rates were examined for infants born at or beyond 24 weeks' gestational age with weights between the 75th and 90th percentiles, from the 90th to the 95th percentile, and >95th percentile.

Mortality rates were found to rise only slightly with birth weights >90th percentile. A recorded diagnosis of maternal diabetes, however, was associated with a significant risk in the presence of augmented fetal growth. Augmented fetal growth without maternal glucose intolerance showed no increase in mortality.

Augmented fetal growth in the absence of maternal glucose intolerance appeared not to be associated with a significant increase in the risk of death among these births. Increased risk was found when augmented fetal growth was associated with maternal diabetes.