Related Experiment Videos
Antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative isolates from intensive care units in Turkey: comparison to previous three
M Yücesoy1, N Yuluğ, S Kocagöz
1Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. mineyucesoy@hotmail.com
Abstract:
Resistance rates to selected antibiotics of gram-negative bacteria isolated from intensive care units (ICU) of 16 Turkish hospitals during 1998 were evaluated and compared to data from the previous 3 years. Antibiotic susceptibilities to imipenem, ceftazidime, ceftazidime-clavulanate, cefoperazone-sulbactam, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefodizime, cefuroxime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, gentamicin, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were determined by Etest. A total of 1,404 isolates from 1,060 patients were collected, mainly from urinary and respiratory tracts. As in the previous 3 years, Pseudomonas spp. was the most frequently isolated gram-negative species (29.7%), followed by Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella spp. Imipenem was the most active in vitro agent (73.4% susceptible), followed by ciprofloxacin (60.6%), cefoperazone-sulbactam (58.7%), cefepime (56.7%), piperacillin-tazobactam (55.0%) and amikacin (54.7%). In 1996, a decline in susceptibility rates of all antibiotics was evident. With the exception of imipenem, resistance to which remained stable, rates somewhat increased in 1997. In 1998, susceptibility to imipenem and cefepime remained stable, amikacin resistance tended to increase and susceptibility rates to other antibacterials showed a favorable increase. These results may in part be due to the implementation of a surveillance program and increased understanding of the magnitude of the resistance problem.
Insights
Antibiotic resistance in intensive care units (ICUs) showed mixed trends. While resistance to some drugs increased, susceptibility to imipenem and cefepime remained stable in 1998, possibly due to surveillance programs.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Gram-negative bacteria are a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs).
- Monitoring antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies and infection control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare antibiotic resistance rates of gram-negative bacteria from Turkish ICUs in 1998 with data from the preceding three years.
- To identify trends in antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter study involving 16 Turkish hospitals collected 1,404 gram-negative bacterial isolates from 1,060 ICU patients.
- Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Etest for various agents including imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and cefepime.
- Isolates were primarily from urinary and respiratory tracts.
Main Results:
- Pseudomonas spp. (29.7%), Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella spp. were the most common gram-negative isolates.
- Imipenem (73.4% susceptible) was the most active agent, followed by ciprofloxacin (60.6%) and cefoperazone-sulbactam (58.7%).
- While overall susceptibility declined in 1996 and increased in 1997, 1998 showed stable susceptibility to imipenem and cefepime, a tendency for increased amikacin resistance, and favorable increases for other antibacterials.
Conclusions:
- Antibiotic resistance patterns in Turkish ICUs exhibited dynamic changes over a four-year period.
- The implementation of a surveillance program and enhanced understanding of resistance may have contributed to observed trends.
- Continued monitoring is essential to guide antimicrobial therapy and combat resistance.