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Effects of peroxynitrite on rabbit cornea
1Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical College, Japan.
Summary
Peroxynitrite, formed from nitric oxide and superoxide, causes transient corneal edema by damaging endothelial cells. This study demonstrates its effects on rabbit corneas, revealing increased thickness and cellular changes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Peroxynitrite, a product of nitric oxide and superoxide, is present in uveitis.
- Its effects on the cornea require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the functional and anatomic effects of peroxynitrite on rabbit cornea.
- To understand the mechanism of corneal edema in uveitis.
Main Methods:
- Rabbits received anterior chamber injections of SIN-1 to generate nitric oxide and superoxide.
- Corneal thickness was measured using ultrasonic pachymetry.
- Corneal specimens were examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy.
Main Results:
- SIN-1 injection significantly increased corneal thickness by 25.1±3.0 µm at 30 minutes.
- Electron microscopy revealed swollen mitochondria and cytoplasmic vacuoles.
- Scanning electron microscopy showed endothelial cell surface changes and border obscuring.
Conclusions:
- Peroxynitrite generated in the aqueous humor can damage corneal endothelial cells.
- This damage leads to transient corneal edema.
- Findings suggest a role for peroxynitrite in the pathogenesis of corneal edema associated with uveitis.