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Particle dynamics in sheared granular matter

Losert1, Bocquet, Lubensky

  • 1Physics Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Granular matter in a Couette device shows velocity profiles independent of shear rate. Particle velocity fluctuations scale with the velocity gradient, supporting a liquid-like continuum model.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Rheology
  • Granular Mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding granular matter flow is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications.
  • Previous models often simplified granular dynamics, necessitating experimental validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally determine particle dynamics and shear forces in granular matter within a Couette geometry.
  • To investigate the relationship between velocity, velocity gradients, and particle fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Couette geometry for experimental determination of granular matter behavior.
  • Measured normalized tangential velocity V(y) as a function of distance y from the moving wall.
  • Analyzed local root-mean-square (rms) velocity fluctuations deltaV(y).

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Main Results:

  • Normalized tangential velocity V(y) showed a strong decline with distance from the moving wall, irrespective of shear rate or dynamics.
  • Local rms velocity fluctuations deltaV(y) exhibited scaling with the local velocity gradient to the power of 0.4+/-0.05.
  • Experimental data aligned with a locally Newtonian, continuum model.

Conclusions:

  • Granular matter in this geometry behaves analogously to a liquid.
  • The model incorporates local temperature, represented by [deltaV(y)](2), and density-dependent viscosity.
  • Findings provide insights into the fundamental rheological properties of granular materials.